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State Funding > Readings

Readings

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Studies on public funding for the nonprofit sector. Last updated: May 2020. A downloadable introductory reading list on state funding for social movements in Canada [PDF]

  • Clément, Dominique. 2008. Canada’s Rights Revolution: Social Movements and Social Change, 1937-1982. Vancouver: UBC Press.
  • Clément, Dominique. 2017. “State Funding for Human Rights Activism: Channeling Protest?”  American Behavioral Scientist 61 (13):1703-1728.
  • Clément, Dominique. 2019. “How the State Shaped the Nonprofit Sector: Public Funding in British Columbia.”  Canadian Review of Sociology 56 (3):299-328.
  • Corrigall-Brown, Catherine, and Mabel Ho. 2015. “How the State Shapes Social Movements: An Examination of the Environmental Movement in Canada.” In Protest and Politics: The Promise of the Social Movement Society, edited by Howard Ramos and Kathleen Rodgers, 101-117. Vancouver: UBC Press.
  • Laforest, Rachel. 2011. Voluntary Sector Organizations and the State: Building New Relations. Vancouer: UBC Press.
  • Masson, Dominique. 2012. “Changing State Forms, Competing State Projects: Funding Women’s Organizations in Quebec.”  Studies in Political Economy 89 (1):79-104.
  • Masson, Dominique. 2015. “Institutionalization, State Funding and Advocacy.” In Protest and Politics: The Promise of the Social Movement Society, edited by Howard Ramos and Kathleen Rodgers, 61-78. Vancouver: UBC Press.
  • Pal, Leslie. 1993. Interests of State: The Politics of Language, Multiculturalism, and Feminism in Canada. Montreal & Kingston: McGill-Queen’s University Press.
  • Phillips, Susan D. 2009. “The Harper Government and the Voluntary Sector: Whither a Policy Agenda?” In The New Federal Policy Agenda and the Voluntary Sector: On the Cutting edge, edited by Rachel Laforest, 7-34. Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen’s University Press.
  • Ramos, Howard, and Janelle Young. 2018. “Critical Events and the Funding of Indigenous Organizations.”  Journal of Canadian Studies 52 (2):570-590.
  • Rodgers, Kathleen, and Melanie Knight. 2011. ““You just felt the collective wind being knocked out of us”: The Deinstitutionalization of Feminism and the Survival of Women’s Organizing in Canada.”  Women’s Studies International Forum 34 (6):570-581.
  • Scott, Katherine. 2003. Funding Matters: The Impact of Canada’s New Funding Regime on Nonprofit and Voluntary Organizations: Canadian Council on Social Development.
  • Stasiulis, Daiva Kristina. 1982. “Race, Ethnicity and the State: The Political Structuring of South Asian and West Indian Communal Action in Combating Racism.” PhD PhD, University of Toronto.
  • Tomiak, Julie. 2016. “Navigating the Contradictions of the Shadow State: The Assembly of First Nations, State Funding, and Scales of Indigenous Resistance.”  Studies in Political Economy 97 (3):217-233.
  • White, Deena. 2012. “Interest Representation and Organization in Civil Society: Ontario and Quebec compared.”  British Journal of Canadian Studies 25:199-229.
  • Blackwood, Amy S., Katie L. Roeger, and Sarah L. Pettijohn. 2012. The Nonprofit Sector in Brief: Public Charities, Giving, and Volunteering. Washington: Urban Institute.
  • Clément, Dominique. 2008. Canada’s Rights Revolution: Social Movements and Social Change, 1937-1982. Vancouver: UBC Press.
  • Elson, Peter R., ed. 2016. Funding Policies and the Nonprofit Sector in Western Canada: Evolving Relationships in a Changing Environment. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
  • Hall, Michael H., Cathy W. Barr, M. Easwaramoorthy, S. Wojciech Sokolowski, and Lester M. Salamon. 2005. The Canadian Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector in Comparative Perspective. Toronto: Imagine Canada.
  • Harder, Lois. 2003. State of Struggle: Feminism and Politics in Alberta. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press.
  • Laforest, Rachel. 2011. Voluntary Sector Organizations and the State: Building New Relations. Vancouer: UBC Press.
  • Laforest, Rachel, ed. 2013. Government-Nonprofit Relations in Times of Recession. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press.
  • Lowe, Philip, and Jane Goyder. 1983. Environmental Groups in Politics. London: Allen & Unwin.
  • Ng, Roxana. 1996. The Politics of Community Services: Immigrant Women, Class and State. Halifax: Fernwood Press.
  • Ng, Roxana, Gillian Walker, and Jacob Muller, eds. 1990. Community Organization and the Canadian State. Toronto: Garamond Press.
  • Pal, Leslie. 1993. Interests of State: The Politics of Language, Multiculturalism, and Feminism in Canada. Montreal & Kingston: McGill-Queen’s University Press.
  • Scott, Katherine. 2003. Funding Matters: The Impact of Canada’s New Funding Regime on Nonprofit and Voluntary Organizations: Canadian Council on Social Development.
  • Scott, Katherine. 2006. Pan-Canadian Funding Practices in Communities: Challenges and Opportunities for the Government of Canada. Ottawa: Canadian Council on Social Development.
  • Scott, Katherine, Spyridoula Tsoukalas, Paul Roberts, and David Lasby. 2006. The Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector in Ontario. Ottawa: Canadian Council on Social Development.
  • Stasiulis, Daiva Kristina. 1982. “Race, Ethnicity and the State: The Political Structuring of South Asian and West Indian Communal Action in Combating Racism.” PhD PhD, University of Toronto.
  • Tillotson, Shirley. 2008. Contributing Citizens: Modern Charitable Fundraising and the Making of the Welfare State. Vancouer: UBC Press.

  • Basok, Tanya, and Suzan Ilcan. 2003. “The Voluntary Sector and the Depoliticization of Civil Society: Implications for Social Justice.”  International Journal of Canadian Studies 28 (1):113-132.
  • Beer, Sarah, and Francine Tremblay. 2014. “Sex Workers’ Rights Organizations and Government Funding in Canada.” In Negotiating Sex Work: Unintended Consequences of Policy and Activism, edited by Samantha Majic and Carisa R. Showden, 287-309. University of Minnesota Press.
  • Beres, Melanie A., Barbara Crow, and Lise Gotell. 2009. “The Perils of Institutionalization in Neoliberal Times: Results of a National Survey of Canadian Sexual Assault and Rape Crisis Centres.”  Canadian Journal of Sociology 34 (1):135-165.
  • Brown, Laura K., and Elizabeth Troutt. 2004. “Funding Relations Between Nonprofits and Government: A Positive Example.”  Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 33 (1):5-27.
  • Brushett, Kevin. 2013. ““Federally Financed Felquistes”: The Company of Young Canadians and the Prelude to the October Crisis.”  Quebec Studies 55 (Spring/Summer):77-99.
  • Chaves, Mark, Laura Stephens, and Joseph Galaskiewicz. 2004. “Does Government Funding Suppress Nonprofits’ Political Activity?”  American Sociological Review 69 (2):292-316.
  • Chin, John J. 2018. “Service-Providing Nonprofits Working in Coalition to Advocate for Policy Change.”  Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 47 (1):27-48.
  • Chouinard, Vera, and Valorie A. Crooks. 2008. “Negotiating Neoliberal Environments in British Columbia and Ontario, Canada: Restructuring of State – Voluntary Sector Relations and Disability Organizations’ Struggles to Survive.”see research notes.
  • Clément, Dominique. 2009. “Generations and the Transformation of Social Movements in Post-war Canada.”  Histoire Sociale/Social History 42 (84):361-388.
  • Clément, Dominique. 2017. “State Funding for Human Rights Activism: Channeling Protest?”  American Behavioral Scientist 61 (13):1703-1728.
  • Clément, Dominique. 2019. “How the State Shaped the Nonprofit Sector: Public Funding in British Columbia.”  Canadian Review of Sociology 56 (3):299-328.
  • Corrigall-Brown, Catherine. 2016. “Funding for Social Movements.”  Sociology Compass 10 (4):330-339.
  • Corrigall-Brown, Catherine, and Mabel Ho. 2015. “How the State Shapes Social Movements: An Examination of the Environmental Movement in Canada.” In Protest and Politics: The Promise of the Social Movement Society, edited by Howard Ramos and Kathleen Rodgers, 101-117. Vancouver: UBC Press.
  • Corrigall-Brown, Catherine, and Mabel Ho. 2017. “Concentrating or Sprinkling? Federal Funding for Indigenous, Women’s, and Environmental NGOs in Canada, 1972-2014.”  American Behavioral Scientist 61 (13):1599-1622.
  • Dobrowolsky, Alexandra. 2004. “The Chrétien Legacy and Women: Changing Policy Priorities with Little Cause for Celebration.”  Review of Constitutional Studies 9 (1):171-198.
  • Eliadis, Pearl. 2015. “Dismantling Democracy: Stifling Debate and Dissent for Civil Society and Indigenous Peoples.” In The Harper Record, 2008-2015, edited by T. Healy, 37-75. Ottawa: Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives.
  • Guo, Chao. 2007. “When Government Becomes the Principal Philanthropist: The Effects of Public Funding on Patterns of Nonprofit Governance.”  Public Administration Review May/June:458-74.
  • Ilcan, Suzan, and Tanya Basok. 2004. “Community Government: Voluntary Agencies, Social Justice, and the Responsibilization of Citizens.”  Citizenship Studies 8 (2):129-44.
  • Jalali, Rita. 2013. “Financing Empowerment? How Foreign Aid to Southern NGOs and Social Movements Undermines Grass-Roots Mobilization.”  Sociology Compass 7 (1):55-73.
  • Jenkins, J. Craig. 1998. “Channeling Social Protest: Foundation Patronage of Contemporary Social Movements.” In Private Action and the Public Good, edited by Walter W. Powell and Elisabeth S. Clemens, 206-217. New Haven: Yale University Press.
  • Jenkins, J. Craig, Jason T. Carmichael, Robert J. Brulle, and Heather Boughton. 2018. “Foundation Funding of the Environmental Movement.”  American Behavioral Scientist 61 (13):1640-1657.
  • Jenson, Jane, and Susan D. Phillips. 1996. “Regime Shift: New Citizenship Practices in Canada.”  International Journal of Canadian Studies 14 (1):111-136.
  • Kay, Emma, and Howard Ramos. 2017. “Do Subnational Governments Fund Organizations in Neoliberal Times? The Role of Critical Events in Provincial Funding of Women’s Organizations.”  American Behavioral Scientist 61 (13):1658-1677.
  • Knight, Melanie, and Kathleen Rodgers. 2012. ““The Government Is Operationalizing Neoliberalism”: Women’s Organizations, Status of Women Canada, and the Struggle for Progressive Social Change in Canada.”  Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research 20 (4):266-282.
  • Kohl-Arenas, Erica. 2014. “Will the Revolution be Funded? Resource Mobilization and the California Farm Worker Movement.”  Social Movement Studies 13 (4):482-498.
  • Krawchenko, Tamara, and Christopher Stoney. 2015. “Leaner and Meaner: Government Spending from Stimulus to Austerity.” In The Harper Record, 2008-2015, edited by T. Healy, 281-290. Ottawa: Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives.
  • Laforest, Rachel. 2012. “Rerouting Political Representation: Is Canada’s Social Infrastructure in Crisis?”  British Journal of Canadian Studies 25 (2):182-201.
  • Laforest, Rachel, ed. 2013a. Government-Nonprofit Relations in Times of Recession. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press.
  • Laforest, Rachel. 2013b. “Muddling Through Government-Nonprofit Relations in Canada.” In Government-Nonprofit Relations in Times of Recession, 9-18. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press.
  • Laforest, Rachel, and Michael Orsini. 2005. “Evidence-based Engagement in the Voluntary Sector: Lessons from Canada.”  Social Policy and Administration 39 (5):481-497.
  • Loney, Martin. 1972. “A Political Economy of Citizen Participation.” In The Canadian State: Political Economy and Political Power, edited by Leo Pantich, 447-460. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
  • Lu, Jiahuan, and Jianzhi Zhao. 2019. “Does Government Funding Make Nonprofits Administratively Inefficient? Revisiting the Link.”  Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 48 (6):1143-61.
  • Markowitz, Lisa, and Karen W. Tice. 2002. “Paradoxes and Professionalization: Parallel Dilemmas in Women’s Organizations in the Americas.”  Gender & Society 16 (6):941-958.
  • Masson, Dominique. 1999/2000. “Constituting ‘Post-Welfare State’ Welfare Arrangements: The Role of Women’s Movement Service Groups in Québec.”  Resources for Feminist Research 27 (3-4):49-70.
  • Masson, Dominique. 2012. “Changing State Forms, Competing State Projects: Funding Women’s Organizations in Quebec.”  Studies in Political Economy 89 (1):79-104.
  • Masson, Dominique. 2015. “Institutionalization, State Funding and Advocacy.” In Protest and Politics: The Promise of the Social Movement Society, edited by Howard Ramos and Kathleen Rodgers, 61-78. Vancouver: UBC Press.
  • Matthews, Nancy. 1995. “Feminist Clashes with the State: Tactical Choices by State-Funded Rape Crisis Centres.” In Feminist Organizations: Harvest of the New Women’s Movement, edited by Myra Max Ferree and Patricia Yancey Martin, 291-305. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
  • McLevey, John. 2014. “Think Tanks, Funding, and the Politics of Policy Knowledge in Canada.”  Canadian Sociological Association/La Soci´et´e canadienne de sociologie 51 (1):55-73.
  • Minkoff, Debra, and Jon Agnone. 2010. “Consolidating Social Change: The Consequences of Foundation Funding for Developing Social Movement Infrastructures.” In American Foundations: Roles and Contributions, edited by David C. Hammack and Halmut K. Anheier, 347-368. Washington: Brookings Institution Press.
  • Neumayr, Michaela, Ulrike Schneider, and Michael Meyer. 2015. “Public Funding and Its Impact on Nonprofit Advocacy.”  Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 44 (2):297-318.
  • Ng, Roxana. 1990. “State Funding to a Community Employment Center: Implications for Working with Immigrant Women.” In Community Organization and the Canadian State, edited by Roxana Ng, Gillian Walker and Jacob Muller. Toronto: Garamond Press.
  • Nickel, Sarah. 2014. ““You’ll probably tell me that your grandmother was an Indian princess”: Identity, Community, and Politics in the Oral History of the Union of British Columbia Indian Chiefs, 1969-1980.”  Oral History Forum d’histoire orale 34 (1):1-19.
  • Nickel, Sarah A. 2017. ““I Am Not a Women’s Libber Although Sometimes I Sound Like One”: Indigenous Feminism and Politicized Motherhood.”  American Indian Quarterly 41 (4):299-337.
  • Phillips, Susan D. 2000. “More than Stakeholders: Reforming State-Voluntary Sector Relations.”  Journal of Canadian Studies 35 (4):182-204.
  • Phillips, Susan D. 2009. “The Harper Government and the Voluntary Sector: Whither a Policy Agenda?” In The New Federal Policy Agenda and the Voluntary Sector: On the Cutting edge, edited by Rachel Laforest, 7-34. Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen’s University Press.
  • Ramos, Howard. 2006. “What Causes Canadian Aboriginal Protest? Examining Resources, Opportunities and Identity, 1951–2000.”  Canadian Journal of Sociology 31 (2):211-235.
  • Ramos, Howard. 2008. “Opportunity for Whom?: Political Opportunity and Critical Events in Canadian Aboriginal Mobilization, 1951-2000.”  Social Forces 87 (2):795-824.
  • Ramos, Howard, and Janelle Young. 2018. “Critical Events and the Funding of Indigenous Organizations.”  Journal of Canadian Studies 52 (2):570-590.
  • Reinelt, Claire. 1994. “Fostering Empowerment, Building Community: The Challenge for State-Funded Feminist Organizations.”  Human Relations 47 (6):685-706.
  • Reinelt, Claire. 1995. “Moving onto the Terrain of the State: The Battered Women’s Movement and the Politics of Engagement.” In Feminist Organizations: Harvest of the New Women’s Movement, edited by Myra Max Ferree and Patricia Yancey Martin, 84-104. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
  • Rodgers, Kathleen, and Melanie Knight. 2011. ““You just felt the collective wind being knocked out of us”: The Deinstitutionalization of Feminism and the Survival of Women’s Organizing in Canada.”  Women’s Studies International Forum 34 (6):570-581.
  • Schreader, Alicia. 1990. “The State Funded Women’s Movement: A Case of Two Political Agendas.” In Community Organization and the Canadian State, edited by Roxana Ng, Gillian Walker and Jacob Muller. Toronto: Garamond Press.
  • Smith, Steven Rathgeb. 1989. “Federal Funding, Nonprofit Agencies, and Victim Services.” In Services for Sale: Purchasing Health and Human Services, edited by Harold W. Demone Jr. and Margaret Gibelman, 215-227. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
  • Smith, Steven Rathgeb. 1999. “Government Financing of Nonprofit Activity.” In Nonprofits and Government: Collaboration and Conflict, edited by Elizabeth T. Boris and C. Eugene Steuerle, 177-212. Washington: Urban Institute Press.
  • Staggenborg, Suzanne. 1988. “The Consequences of Professionalization and Formalization in the Pro-Choice Movement.”  American Sociological Review 53 (4):585-606.
  • Stasiulis, Daiva K. 1980. “The Political Structuring of Ethnic Community Action: A Reformulation.”  Canadian Ethnic Studies 12 (3):20-46.
  • Stick, Max, and Howard Ramos. 2020. “Does Municipal Funding of Organizations Reflect Communities of Need? Exploring Trends in Halifax, 1996-2016.”  Urban Research & Practice forthcoming.
  • Tomiak, Julie. 2016. “Navigating the Contradictions of the Shadow State: The Assembly of First Nations, State Funding, and Scales of Indigenous Resistance.”  Studies in Political Economy 97 (3):217-233.
  • White, Deena. 2012a. “Interest representation and organisation in civil society: Ontario and Quebec compared.”  British Journal of Canadian Studies 25 (2):199-232.
  • White, Deena. 2012b. “Interest Representation and Organization in Civil Society: Ontario and Quebec compared.”  British Journal of Canadian Studies 25:199-229.

Further Reading

The readings lists available on this site deal with a range of topics from human rights to biographies and specific events.

Citing Website

All information sources from statefunding.ca and the database should be acknowledged by the User and cited as follows:

Website:

  • Clément, Dominique. “Title of Page or Document.” State Funding for Social Movements. Accessed [date accessed, e.g. 28 July 2020] www.statefunding.ca.

Database:

  • Clément, Dominique. State Funding for Social Movements Database. Accessed [date accessed, e.g. 28 July 2020] database.statefunding.ca

Canada’s Human Rights History

Canada’s Human Rights History explores the history of human rights activism in Canada.